All Things Necessary to Salvation

Reading sacred texts with open hearts and open eyes

I remember a select little group with which we traveled and camped together for some days; this group had undertaken to liberate some captive League brothers and the Princess Isabella from the hands of the Moors. It was said that they were in possession of Hugo's horn, and among them were my friends the poet Lauscher and the artists Klingsor and Paul Klee; they spoke of nothing else but Africa and the captured princess, and their Bible was the book of the deeds of Don Quixote, in whose honor they thought of making their way across Spain.

Herman Hesse, Journey to the East, chapter 1

Here’s a small truth. All the sacred books of the world, without exception, however wondrous they may be, were written by people.

Whatever might be said about the book, that it contains the direct words of God or gods, or channeled from extra-terrestrials, in truth it was written by people.

It may contain astonishing wisdom. Actually if it’s been around a while and is still be consulted in a deep manner, it almost certainly contains astonishing wisom. But it will also contain mistakes, errors, and if it is long enough, internal contradictions. In all likelihood, a bunch.

And so it is a major mistake to take any book as the unalloyed word of God.

There is no such thing.

Assuming some particular book is without error takes people into very dark corners. We see it in our American popular culture. Where a powerful collection of writings, myths, and some very serious pointers toward the depth of our human hearts is treated as a science text book. In doing so we learn the world is about six thousand years old, as one of several examples. And then defend that assertion as fact with such fervor, such certainty, that it leads people with working brains inside their skulls to walk away from the whole thing.

Sadly it leads people of good will and some common sense to assume this is the way to meet sacred texts and come to the conclusion there are no worthy guides. Which is a tragedy. Because we are in fact, surrounded by great clouds of witnesses, who are constantly singing wisdom into our hearts.

People have walked on this planet with their feet touching the good earth, have opened their hearts and their minds to the wonders all around them, and have found what is necessary to heal our wounds. And even to heal the great wound.

And books containing their guidance abound.

And we should be respectful, and grateful.

The Bible is one of those examples.

As article 6 of the intriguing and complicated and not entirely useful 39 Articles from the foundation of the Church of England so beautifully puts it: “the Holy Scriptures containeth all things necessary to salvation…”

Now that passage in fact continues. “So that whatsoever is not read therein, nor may be proved thereby, is not to be required of any man, that it should be believed as an article of the faith, or be thought requisite or necessary to salvation.” Here I think the passage begins to wander. Of course they’re concerned with the accretions of the faith contained within the Roman Catholic Church, and are attempting a judicious reform. But the truth I find is within that first clause. And it can easily be universalized. The scriptures contain all things necessary to salvation.

What we need are guides along the way. And if we look to the ancients we often can find that way. But we need also to be able to sort wheat and chaff. There are healing words. And they will always be sitting close by to words that do not help.

If something has proven to be a sacred text for people, even if not specifically for our people, who ever that category might be, we should approach those sacred texts with a certain respect. That’s why I’m so taken with Hesse’s wonderful little novel Journey to the East. And I love how in that book the passage where the pilgrims have taken Don Quixote for their bible.

One could do far worse. An on occasion have.

There are novels so great, so deep; they can be scriptures, holy books. I think of Don Quixote, I think of the Brothers Karamazov, I think of Steinbeck’s East of Eden. I think of the Odyssey. I think of the Journey to the West. I think of Murasaki Shikibu’s Tale of Genji. I think of Shakespeare’s plays. I think of Rumi’s Mathnawi. I think of the Thousand Nights and a Night.

I think of, well, you get the idea. There are books that may have been written by human beings, but they are also touched by the hand of God. And. The list is long.

I bet one could take a little book like Jane Austin’s Pride and Prejudice and digging into it find a whole life. Or, perhaps, Graham Greene’s Power and the Glory. Or, maybe, Willa Cather’s Death Comes for the Archbishop. But that’s a dangerous project. Smaller books are more subject to magnifying what’s wrong as well as holding up critical points.

Still small or large. Books are magical things. They can open our hearts in the most amazing directions.

And then there are those books that are by general assent the great spiritual texts. And this is the most important thing.

I recall when I read the Koran. Actually it’s a smaller book about the same number of words as in the received New Testament. At first it was simply an assignment I gave myself. I have little heart sympathy with the style of Islam. Broadly speaking Islam reminds me too much of my Baptist upbringing.

Although I was cautioned from the beginning about being too judgmental, as I knew very much how Sufism, Islam’s mystical school, or more properly, schools, are clearly amazing things, genuine cradles of the heart. So, I began to read it. And by the time I was half way through I was nearly half way convinced. Even in an English translation the poetry of the thing, the power of the message of a creator singing possibility into the world was comforting and challenging.

Everything necessary to salvation.

And there are parts that are so obviously self-serving for the prophet. And not useful for anyone on the path. Looking at these things, we need an open heart.And we need open eyes.

And, truthfully, one read was enough for me. It was powerful. And in many ways compelling. And I didn’t feel the deep resonance and challenges that would have made it my sacred text.

I’ve had similar experiences with other spiritual texts from the world’s traditions, grateful for a single read. The Bhagavad Gita is like that. Although, I’ve been thinking of parts of the Gita’s message about embracing our dharma, our place in the world wholeheartedly quite a bit in recent years. It may be calling me to a second read sometime in the not distant future.

Other more traditionally understood spiritual books have insinuated themselves into my heart that I do visit them with greater regularity. The Tao Te Ching, for one. Chuang Tzu’s Inner Chapters, are another. Parts of the Bible, particularly the Book of Job and a couple of the psalms have been engraved on my heart.

Probably the most important books for me, the ones I’ve visited and revisited over the years are the great twelfth century Zen anthologies of teaching and pointing, the Gateless Gate, the Blue Cliff Record, and the Book of Serenity. I’ve also have a love hate relationship with the Japanese Zen priest Jokin Keizan’s masterwork, his thirteenth century anthology of the awakening stories of my Zen ancestors, the Transmission of the Lamp.

Other books have touched me deeply, as well. Not to mention specific poems like Rilke’s "Ninth Duino Elegy," Elliot’s "Four Quartets," and Mary Oliver’s "In Blackwater Woods."

Poetry.

I’m sure each of us, as we live into our lives, have found books and poems that touch us in particularly powerful ways, that have by our living with them, by their living into us, by our living into them have become our scriptures.

The difficulty here is in our picking and choosing what to give our attention to. We need to pick. We need to choose. And the very act of doing that cuts us off from many things. We need to make choices, there are just too many things out there, and we need to find something, to make it ours, and to dig deep.

At the same time we need to be careful about how quickly it is that we make those choices. We need to be careful about simply following our own appetites, our prejudices, rather than our need to know deeply. We need challenge as well as reasurence.

It is easy to give ourselves to something unworthy of our hearts. So, sometimes we need just to pick something big enough and diverse enough to hold our hearts for a lifetime. Perhaps it is the Koran. Maybe the Bible.

The name for a sacred text in Buddhism is Sutra. And sutra means thread. We need something we can follow all the way to the bottom. And at some point we need to focus, and to give ourselves over to a smaller handful among the many options.

Not necessarily one. But it is a small collection. To give your path focus. To help you live into it. To let it this perspective that is at once outside of us and deeply within us live us in new ways.

Into you. From you. Into me. From me.

We need something we can be challenged by. That other view opens us up. And we need something we can challenge.

Don’t forget, all books are written by people.

And, with that a question: What might that be that special book for you? Or, books. Your scripture. What is your thread, your sutra, what is your sacred book?

The painting Caravan near Cairo was by Emile Wauters, somewhere on the cusp of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries.